INSTITUTE OF SCRAP RECYCLING INDUSTRIES, INC.

Guidelines for Ferrous Scrap: FS-2009

a. Cleanness. All grades shall be free of dirt, non ferrous metals, or foreign material of any kind, and excessive rust and corrosion. However, the terms “free of dirt, non ferrous metals, or foreign material of any kind” are not intended to preclude the accidental inclusion of negligible amounts where it can be shown that this amount is unavoidable in the customary preparation and handling of the particular grade involved.  

b. Off-grade material. The inclusion in a shipment of a particular grade of iron and steel scrap of a negligible amount of metallic material which exceeds to a minor extent the applicable

size limitations, or which fails to a minor extent to meet the applicable requirements as to quality or kind of material, shall not change the classification of the shipment, provided it can be shown that the inclusion of such off-grade material is unavoidable in the customary preparation and handling of the grade involved.  

c. Residual alloys. Wherever the term “free of alloys” is used in the classifications given herein, it shall mean that any alloys contained in the steel are residual and have not been added for the purpose of making an alloy steel. Steel scraps shall be considered free of alloys when the residual alloying elements do not exceed the following percentages:

Nickel .45% / Molybdenum .10% / Chromium .20% / Manganese 1.65%

The combined residuals other than manganese shall not exceed a total of 0.60 percent.

d. Deviations. Any deviations from the general classifications of iron and steel scrap may be consummated by mutual agreement between buyer and seller.

200 No. 1 heavy melting steel. Wrought iron and/or steel scrap 1/4 inch and over in thickness. Individual pieces not over 60 x 24 inches (charging box size) prepared in a manner to insure compact charging.  

201 No. 1 heavy melting steel 3 feet x 18 inches. Wrought iron and/or steel scrap 1/4 inch and over in thickness. Individual pieces not over 36 x 18 inches (charging box size) prepared in a manner to insure compact charging.

202 No. 1 heavy melting steel 5 feet x 18 inches. Wrought iron and/or steel scrap 1/4 inch and over in thickness. Individual pieces not over 60 x 18 inches (charging box size) prepared in a manner to insure compact charging.

203 No. 2 heavy melting steel.* Wrought iron and steel scrap, black and galvanized, 1/8 inch and over in thickness, charging box size to include material not suitable as No. 1 heavy melting steel. Prepared in a manner to insure compact charging.

204 No. 2 heavy melting steel.* Wrought iron and steel scrap, black and galvanized, Maximum size 36 x 18 inches. May include all automobile scrap properly prepared.

205 No. 2 heavy melting steel 3 feet x 18 inches. Wrought iron and steel scrap, black and galvanized, Maximum size 36 x 18 inches. May include automobile scrap, properly prepared; however, to be free of sheet iron or thin gauged material.

206 No. 2 heavy melting steel 5 feet x 18 inches. Wrought iron and steel scrap, black and galvanized, Maximum size 60 x 18 inches. May include automobile scrap, properly prepared; however, to be free of sheet iron or thin gauged material.

207 No. 1 busheling. Clean steel scrap, not exceeding 12 inches in any dimensions, including new factory busheling (for example, sheet clippings, stampings, etc.). May not include old auto body and fender stock. Free of metal coated, limed, vitreous enameled, and electrical sheet containing over 0.5 percent silicon.

207A New black sheet clippings. For direct charging, maximum size 8 feet by 18 inches, free of old automobile body and fender stock, metal coated, lined, vitreous enameled and electrical sheet containing over 0.5 percent silicon. Must lay reasonably flat in car.

208 No. 1 bundles. New black steel sheet scrap, clippings or skeleton scrap, compressed or hand bundled, to charging box size, and weighing not less than 75 pounds per cubic foot. (Hand bundles are tightly secured for handling with a magnet.) May include Stanley balls or mandrel wound bundles or skeleton reels, tightly secured. May include chemically detinned material. May not include old auto body or fender stock. Free of metal coated, limed, vitreous enameled, and electrical sheet containing over 0.5 percent silicon.

209 No. 2 bundles. Old black and galvanized steel sheet scrap, hydraulically compressed to charging box size and weighing not less than 75 pounds per cubic foot. May not include tin or lead-coated material or vitreous enameled material.

210 Shredded scrap. Homogeneous iron and steel scrap, magnetically separated, originating from automobiles, unprepared No. 1 and No. 2 steel, miscellaneous baling and sheet scrap. Average density 50 pounds per cubic foot.

211 Shredded scrap. Homogeneous iron and steel scrap magnetically separated, originating from automobiles, unprepared No. 1 and No. 2 steel, miscellaneous baling and sheet scrap. Average density 70 pounds per cubic foot.

212 Shredded clippings. Shredded 1000 series carbon steel clippings or sheets. Material should have an average density of 60 pounds per cubic foot.

213 Steel can bundles. Steel can scrap compressed to charging box size and weighing not less than 75 pounds per cubic foot. Cans may be baled without removal of paper labels, but free of other non-metallics. May include up to 5 gallon tin coated containers.

214 No. 3 bundles. Old sheet steel, compressed to charging box size and weighing not less than 75 pounds per cubic foot. May include all coated ferrous scrap not suitable for inclusion in No. 2 bundles.

215 Incinerator bundles. Tin can scrap, compressed to charging box size and weighing not less than 75 pounds per cubic foot. Processed through a recognized garbage incinerator.

216 Terne plate bundles. New terne plate sheet scrap, clippings or skeleton scrap, compressed or hand bundled, to charging box size, and weighing not less than 75 pounds per cubic foot. (Hand bundles are tightly secured for handling with a magnet.) May include Stanley balls or mandrel wound bundles or skeleton reels, tightly secured.

217 Bundled No. 1 steel. Wrought iron and/or steel scrap 1/8 inch or over in thickness, compressed to charging box size and weighing not less than 75 pounds per cubic foot. Free of all metal-coated material.

218 Bundled No. 2 steel. Wrought iron or steel scrap, black or galvanized, 1/8 inch and over in thickness, compressed to charging box size and weighing not less than 75 pounds per cubic foot. Auto body and fender stock, burnt or hand stripped, may constitute a maximum of 60 percent by weight. (This percent based on makeup of auto body, chassis, drive shafts, and bumpers.) Free of all coated material, except as found on automobiles.

219 Machine shop turnings. Clean steel or wrought iron turnings, free of iron borings, Non ferrous metals in a free state , scale, or excessive oil. May not include badly rusted or corroded stock.

220 Machine shop turnings and iron borings. Same as machine shop turnings but including iron borings.

221 Shoveling turnings. Clean short steel or wrought iron turnings, drillings, or screw cuttings. May include any such material whether resulting from crushing, raking, or other processes. Free of springy, bushy, tangled or matted material, lumps, iron borings, non ferrousmetals in a free state , grindings, or excessive oil.

222 Shoveling turnings and iron borings. Same as shoveling turnings, but including iron borings.

223 Iron borings. Clean cast iron or malleable iron borings and drillings, free of steel turnings, scale, lumps or excessive oil.

224 Auto slabs. Clean automobile slabs, cut 3 feet x 18 inches and under.

225 Auto slabs. Clean automobile slabs, cut 2 feet x 18 inches and under.

226 Briquetted iron borings. Analysis and density to consumer's specifications.

227 Briquetted steel turnings. Analysis and density to consumer's specifications.

228 Mill scale. Dark colored, ranging from blue to black, ferro-magnetic iron oxide forming on the surface of steel articles during heating and working.

*The identical designations given for these two classifications are in accordance with established industry practices in specifying the materials desired.  

Electric Furnace Casting and Foundry Grades

229 Billet, bloom and forge crops. Billet, bloom, axle, slab, heavy plate and heavy forge crops, containing not over 0.05 percent phosphorus or sulphur and not over 0.5 percent silicon, free from alloys. Dimensions not less than 2 inches in thickness, not over 18 inches in width, and not over 36 inches in length.

230 Bar crops and plate scrap. Bar crops, plate scrap, forgings, bits, jars, and tool joints, containing not over 0.05 percent phosphorus or sulphur, not over 0.5 percent silicon, free from alloys. Dimensions not less than 1 / 2 inch in thickness, not over 18 inches in width, and not over 36 inches in length.

231 Plate and structural steel, 5 feet and under. Cut structural and plate scrap, 5 feet and under. Clean open hearth steel plates, structural shapes, crop ends, shearings, or broken steel tires. Dimensions not less than 1 / 4 inch thickness, not over 5 feet in length and 18 inches in width. Phosphorus or sulphur not over 0.05 percent.

232 Plate and structural steel, 5 feet and under. Cut structural and plate scrap, 5 feet and under. Clean open hearth steel plates, structural shapes, crop ends, shearings, or broken steel tires. Dimensions not less than 1 / 4 inch thickness, not over 5 feet in length and 24 inches in width. Phosphorus or sulphur not over 0.05 percent.

233 Cast steel. Steel castings not over 48 inches long or 18 inches wide, and 1 / 4 inch and over in thickness, containing not over 0.05 percent phosphorus or sulphur, free from alloys and attachments. May include heads, gates, and risers.

234 Punchings and plate scrap. Punchings or stampings, plate scrap, and bar crops containing not over 0.05 percent phosphorous or sulphur and not over 0.5 percent silicon, free from alloys. All materials cut 12 inches and under, and with the exception of punchings or stampings, at least 1/8 inch in thickness. Punchings or stampings under 6 inches in diameter may be any gauge.

235 Electric furnace bundles. New black steel sheet scrap hydraulically compressed into bundles of size and weight as specified by consumer.

236 Cut structural and plate scrap, 3 feet and under. Clean open hearth steel plates, structural shapes, crop ends, shearings, or broken steel tires. Dimensions not less than 1/4 inch in thickness, not over 3 feet in length and 18 inches in width. Phosphorus or sulphur not over 0.05 percent.

237 Cut structural and plate scrap, 2 feet and under. Same as cut structural and plate scrap, 3 feet and under, except for length.

238 Cut structural and plate scrap, 1 foot and under. Same as cut structural and plate scrap, 3 feet and under, except for length.

239 Silicon busheling. Clean silicon bearing steel scrap, not exceeding 12 inches in any dimension, including new factory busheling (for example, sheet clippings, stampings, etc.), having a silicon content of 0.05 percent to 5.0 percent.

240 Silicon Clippings. Clean steel scrap, including new factory busheling (for example, sheet clippings, stampings, etc.),may not include old auto body and fender stock. Free of metal coated, limed, vitreous enameled, and electrical sheet containingminimum1 percent silicon.

241 Chargeable ingots and ingot butts. Chargeable ingots and ingot butts for material to be suitable and acceptable to the consumer containing not over 0.05 percent phosphorus or sulphur and not over 0.05 percent silicon free of alloys.

242 Foundry steel, 2 feet and under. Steel scrap 1/8 inch and over in thickness, not over 2 feet in length or 18 inches in width. Individual pieces free from attachments. May not include nonferrous metals, cast or malleable iron, cable, vitreous enameled, or metal coated material.

243 Foundry steel, 1 foot and under. Same specifications as 2-footmaterial, except for length.

244 Springs and crankshafts. Clean automotive springs and crankshafts, either new or used.

245 Alloy free turnings. Clean shoveling steel turnings free from lumps, tangled or matted material, iron borings, or excessive oil containing not more than 0.05 percent phosphorus or sulphur, and free of alloys.

246 Alloy free short shoveling steel turnings. Clean shoveling steel turnings, free of lumps, tangled Or matted material, iron borings, or excessive oil, containing not more than 0.05 percent phosphorus or sulphur, and free of alloys.

247 Alloy free machine shop turnings. Clean steel turnings, free of iron borings or excessive oil, containing not more than 0.05 percent phosphorus or sulphur, and free of alloys. May not include badly rusted or corroded stock.

248 Hard steel cut 30 inches and under. Automotive steel consisting of rear ends, crankshafts,

drive shafts, front axles, springs, and gears prepared 30 inches and under. May not include miscellaneous small shoveling steel or any pieces too bulky for gray iron foundry use.

249 Chargeable slab crops. Chargeable slab crops for material to be suitable and acceptable to the consumer containing not over 0.05 percent phosphorus and 0.05 percent sulphur and notover 0.05 percent silicon and free of alloys.

250 Silicon bundles. Silicon sheet scrap, clippings or skeleton scrap, compressed or hand bundled, to charging box size, and weighing not less than 75 pounds per cubic foot, having a silicon content of 0.50 percent to 5.0 percent.

251 Heavy turnings. Short, heavy steel turnings, containing not over 0.05 percent phosphorus or sulphur and free of alloys. May include rail chips. May not include machine shop or other light turnings and must weigh not less than 75 pounds per cubic foot in the original state of production.

Specially Processed Grades to Meet Consumer Requirements

Grades of scrap prepared especially to meet with steel mill or foundry requirements, individual specifications to be agreed on between consumer and supplier.  

Cast Iron Grades  

252 Cupola cast. Clean cast iron scrap such as columns, pipes, plates, and castings of a miscellaneous nature, including automobile blocks and cast iron parts of agricultural and other machinery. Free from stove plate, burnt iron, brake shoes or foreign material. Cupola size, not over 24 inches x 30 inches, and no piece over 150 pounds in weight.

253 Charging box cast. Clean cast iron scrap in sizes not over 60 inches in length or 30 inches in width, suitable for charging into an open hearth furnace without further preparation. Free from burnt iron, brake shoes, or stove plate.

254 Heavy breakable cast. Cast iron scrap over charging box size or weighing more than 500 pounds. May include cylinders and driving wheel centers. May include steel which does not exceed 10 percent of the casting by weight.

255 Hammer block or bases. Cast iron hammer blocks or bases.

256 Burnt iron. Burnt cast iron scrap, such as stove parts, grate bars, And miscellaneous burnt iron. May include sash weights or window weights.

257 Mixed cast. May include all grades of cast iron except burnt iron. Dimensions not over 24 inches x 30 inches and no piece over 150 pounds in weight.

258 Stove plate, clean cast iron stove. Free from malleable and steel parts, window weights, plow points, or burnt cast iron.

259 Clean auto cast. Clean auto blocks; free of all steel parts except camshafts, valves, valve springs, and studs. Free of nonferrous and non-metallic parts.

260 Unstripped motor blocks. Automobile or truck motors from which steel and nonferrous Fittings may or may not have been removed. Free from drive shafts and all parts of frames.

261 Drop broken machinery cast. Clean heavy cast iron machinery scrap that has been broken under a drop. All pieces must be of cupola size, not over 24 inches x 30 inches, and no piece over 150 pounds in weight.

262 Clean auto cast, broken, not degreased. Clean auto blocks, free of all steel parts except camshafts, valves, valve springs and studs. Free of nonferrous and non-metallic parts, and must be broken to cupola size, 150 pounds or less.

263 Clean auto cast, degreased. Free of all steel parts except camshafts, valves, valve springs, and studs. Free of nonferrous and non-metallic parts, and must be broken into cupola size, 150 pounds or less.

264 Malleable. Malleable parts of automobiles, railroad cars, locomotives, Or miscellaneous malleable iron castings. Free from cast iron and steel parts and other foreign material.

265 Broken ingot molds and stools. Broken ingot molds and stools, cast iron, maximum size 2 feet x 3 feet x 5 feet.

266 Unbroken ingot molds and stools. Unbroken ingot molds and stools, cast iron.

Special Boring Grades

267 No. 1 chemical borings. New clean cast or malleable iron borings and drillings containing not more than 1 percent oil, free from steel turnings, or chips, lumps, scale, corroded or rusty material.

268 Briquetted cast iron borings, hot process. Cast iron borings, heated, briquetted, to a density of approximately 85 percent, oil and water content under 1 percent.

269 Briquetted cast iron borings, cold process. Cast iron boring briquettes, free of steel and non ferrous material, hydraulically compressed into a cohesive solid, reasonably free of oil, and having a density of not less than 60 percent.

270 Malleable borings. Clean malleable iron borings and drillings, free of steel turnings, scale, lumps and excessive oil.

271 No. 2 chemical borings. New clean cast or malleable iron borings and drillings, containing not more than 1.5 percent oil, free from steel turnings, or chips, lumps, scale, corroded or rusty material.  

Steel From Scrap Tires

General Guidelines

Items not covered in the specifications, and any variations in the specification, are subject to special arrangement between buyer and seller. Percentages listed below are by weight.  

Preparation  

Consumer and supplier to agree upon preparation for transport, such as the following:

Loose—Whole.  

Loose—Chopped. If wire is chopped or shredded, parties may wish to specify the means of processing and/or characteristics of the final product (density, length of pieces, etc.).

Baled. Bales of wire should maintain their form during loading, shipment, unloading, storage, and handling typical of that done at a consuming facility, unless otherwise specified.

Baled—High Density . Hydraulically compressed, no dimension larger than 24", density of at least 75 pounds per square foot.

Baled—HRB/Low Density . Density of less than 75 pounds per square foot. Each bale secured with sufficient number of bale ties drawn tight to insure a satisfactory delivery.

Other Means of Preparation . Individual specifications to be agreed upon between consumer and supplier.

272 Pulled bead wire (Truck)—Grade 1. Not chopped; made up of loops of wire. Less than five percent (<5%) rubber/fiber.

273 Pulled bead wire (Truck)—Grade 2. Not chopped; made up of loops of wire. Five to ten percent (5-10%) rubber/fiber.

274 Pulled bead wire (Truck)—Grade 3. Not chopped; made up of loops of wire. Greater than ten percent (>10%) rubber/fiber.

275 Pulled bead wire (Passenger)—Grade 1. Not chopped; made up of loops of wire. Less than five percent (<5%) rubber/fiber.

276 Pulled bead wire (Passenger)—Grade 2. Not chopped; made up of loops of wire. Five to ten percent (5-10%) rubber/fiber.

Railroad Ferrous Scrap*

Specifications of Association of American Railroads promulgated by its Purchases and Materials Management Division (Revised 1973)

(2) Axles, Steel. Solid car and/or locomotive friction bearing, 8 inch diameter and under (free of axles with key-way between wheel seats, no axles of shorter lengths than distance between wheel seats to be included).

(2A) Axles, Steel. Solid car and/or locomotive friction bearing over 8 inch diameter (free of axles with key-way between wheel seats, no axles of shorter length than distance between wheel seats to be included).

(3) Axles, Steel. Roller bearing 8 inch diameter and under (no axles of shorter lengths than distance between wheel seats to be included).

(3A) Axles, Steel. Roller bearing over 8 inch diameter (no axles of shorter length than distance between wheel seats to be included).

(4) Spikes, Track Bolts and Nuts, and Lock Washers, may include Rail Anchors.

(5) Tie Plates. Steel.

(6) Rail Joints, Angle and/or Splice Bars. Steel.

(9) Bolsters and/or Truck Sides, Frames: Uncut. Cast steel.

(11) Cast Steel, No. 2. Steel castings, over 18 inches wide and/or over 5 feet long.

(11A) Cast Steel, No. 1. Steel castings, 18 inches and under, not over 5 feet long, including cut truck side frames and bolsters.

(12) Cast Iron, No. 1. Cast iron scrap, such as columns, pipes, plates, and/or castings of miscellaneous nature, but free from stove plates, brake shoes, and burnt scrap. Must be cupola size, not over 24 x 30 inches in dimension and no piece to weigh over 150 pounds. Must be free from foreign material.

(13) Cast Iron, No. 2. Pieces weighing over 150 pounds, but not more than 500 pounds. Free from burnt cast.

(14) Cast Iron, No. 3. Pieces weighing over 500 pounds; includes cylinders, driving wheel centers and/or all other castings. (Free from hammer blocks or bases.)

(15) Cast Iron, No. 4. Burnt cast iron scrap, such as grate bars, stove parts and/or miscellaneous burnt scrap.

(16) Cast Iron Brake Shoes. Brakes shoes of all types except composition-filled shoes.

(17) Couplers and/or Knuckles. Railroad car and/or locomotive steel couplers, knuckles and/or locks stripped clean of all other attachments.

(18) Frogs and/or Switches, uncut. Steel frogs and switches that have not been cut apart, exclusive of manganese.

(18A) Railbound Manganese Frogs and Switch Points with manganese inserts that have not been cut apart.

(23) Malleable. Malleable parts of automobiles, railroad cars, locomotive and/or miscellaneous malleable castings.

(24) Melting Steel, Railroad No. 1. Clean wrought iron or steel scrap, 1 / 4 inch and over in thickness, not over 18 inches in width, and not over 5 feet in length. May include pipe ends and material 1/8 inch to 1 / 4 inch in thickness, not over 15 inches x 15 inches. Individual pieces cut so as to lie reasonably flat in charging box.

(27) Rail, Steel No. 1. Standard section tee rails, original weight 50 pounds per yard or heavier, 10 feet long and over. Suitable for re rolling into bars and shapes. Free from bent and twisted rails, frog, switch, and guard rails, or rails with split heads and broken flanges. Continuous welded rail may be included provided no weld is over 9 inches from the end of the piece of rail.

(28A) Rail, Steel No. 2 Cropped Rail Ends. Standard section, original weight of 50 pounds per yard and over, 18 inches long and under.

(28B) Rail, Steel No. 2 Cropped Rail Ends. Standard section, original weight of 50 pounds per yard and over, 2 feet long and under.

(28C) Rail, Steel No. 2 Cropped Rail Ends. Standard section, original weight 50 pounds per yard and over, 3 feet long and under.

(29) Rail, Steel No. 3. Standard section tee, girder, and/or guard rails, to be free from frog and switch rails not cut apart, and contain no manganese, cast, welds, or attachments of any kind except angle bars. Free from concrete, dirt, and foreign material of any kind.

(30) Sheet Scrap, No. 1. Under 3 / 16 inch thick, may include hoops, band iron and/or steel, scoops and/or shovels (free of wood). Must be free from burnt or metal coated material, cushion, or other similar springs.

(31) Sheet Scrap, No. 2. Galvanized or tinned material and/or gas retorts, and/or any other iron or steel material not otherwise classified.

(32) Steel, Tool. (Specify kind in offering.)

(33) Steel, Manganese. All kinds of manganese, rail, guard rails, frogs and/or switch points, cut or uncut.

(34) Steel, Spring. Coil and/or elliptical, minimum thickness 1 / 4 inch, may be assembled or cut apart.

(34A) Steel, Spring. Coil only.

(35) Structural, Wrought Iron and/or Steel Uncut. All steel or steel mixed with iron from bridges, structures and/or equipment that has not been cut apart, may include uncut bolsters, brake beams, steel trucks, under frames, channel bars, steel bridge plates, frog and/or crossing plates and/or other steel of similar character.

(36) Tires. All locomotive, not cut to specified lengths.

(38) Turnings. No. 1. Heavy turnings from wrought iron and/or steel railroad axles or heavy forgings and/or rail chips, to weigh not less than 75 pounds per cubic foot. Free from dirt or other foreign material of any kind. Alloy steel scrap may be excluded from these specifications by mutual agreement between buyer and seller.

(38A) Turnings, Drillings and/or Borings. No. 2. Cast, wrought, steel and/or malleable iron borings, turnings and/or drillings mixed with other metals.

(40) Wheels, No. 1. Cast iron car wheels.

(42) Wheels, No. 3. Solid cast steel, forged, pressed and/or rolled steel car and/or locomotive wheels, not over 42 inches diameter. (Specify kind in offering.)

(45) Destroyed Steel Cars. Bodies of steel cars cut apart sufficiently to load. (Specify kind.)

(45A) Destroyed Steel Car Sides and Box Car Roofs. Cut to a maximum length of and a maximum width of suitable for use in super presses and shears without additional preparation.

*Specifications in force as of publication date.

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